Essay college life: February 2020

Sunday, February 16, 2020

Reseach methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Reseach methods - Essay Example The effect of this is that the focus of the research moves from theory to data. The deductive approach is also a descriptive approach in that it describes facts and illustrates theories. Deductive research is often applied to questionnaires and the collection of quantitative data which addresses the hypothesis. There are several advantages to deductive reasoning. It is a relatively simply research method to standardise, as it is a highly structured approach based on scientific principles. Furthermore the structured approach means that the researcher does not necessarily need to be highly knowledgeable about the research topic. Most managers are familiar with the deductive approach and therefore are much more likely to put faith in conclusions that are made using it. In addition it is a quick method of gaining data, as the time-consuming aspects of this type of research are mainly in the set-up and data collection phases. This also means that the amount of time needed to invest in the research can be scheduled and predicted relatively easily. All of these things make deductive research low risk in comparison to inductive research. There are also a number of concerns with this approach. Firstly it is important that causal relationships between all variables in the research are explained and defined. Selecting samples of sufficient size is a crucial factor in determining the success of this type of research. The sample must be large enough to generate accurate conclusions that are reliable in all applications of the data. A significant issue with deductive research is in clearly defining abstract concepts. Taking the example of employee morale, it must be defined in terms of level of satisfaction of employees, which is a personal concept and may mean different things to different people. Conducting this type of research means that concepts must be clearly defined to enable accurate responses from research subjects. Lastly, controls must be applied to ensure the validity of the data gained from the research. If the research was in defining levels of employee satisfaction in a particular department, reasons for h igh or low employee moral must be established. For example, the data taken from employees may indicate a relationship between workload and employee salary. This data can then be used to refine the hypothesis of a relationship between workload, employee salary, and morale, and then collect new data for analysis. This may include input from different departments, both to increase sample size and to note the effects of varying workloads or salaries in different departments. This ensures the accuracy of the hypothesis because it takes into account variation of these aspects in different departments. A larger sample size allows further refinement of the hypothesis - for example it may narrow down the hypothesis to focus on young employees, and allow the researcher to pinpoint different effects of low or high morale, such as absenteeism. In this way, an initial hypothesis focusing simply on employee morale can be progressively refined to pinpoint causal relationships that become evident a s the focus of the research narrows. One of the main disadvantages of this type of research is that it relies on subjects to fill and return questionnaires, which may become more difficult to do as sample size

Sunday, February 2, 2020

American law enforcement organizations Term Paper

American law enforcement organizations - Term Paper Example Objectives together constitute the main aim of this research. All objectives need to be studied in detail in order to fulfill the aim of this study and to answer the research question. Research design will elaborate on all the methods that have been used during the course of this research. Each objective requires a slightly different research approach and thus for each objective research methods have been used accordingly. Ã‚ Ã‚ There are two main methods of research, primary and secondary. Generally for the research purpose researchersÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ start with the secondary data which has been already collected by someone else for some other research purpose. Such data can be used again and again for different research purposes. In this case, research has been conducted mainly using the secondary data. The sources of secondary data that have been used throughout the research include internet articles, reports, books, journals and the official websites of different law enforcement organ izations. Secondary data has an advantage over the primary data collection. Primary data is collected for the first time and may contain some loopholes. In the case of secondary data collection, data has already been collected by another entity and has been used for different research purposes. This provides with a satisfaction that the data available is authentic as it is used by various people for the research purpose. Another advantage of the secondary data is the time restraint. The time period for this research.... Local or state police, federal agencies, national police force, commerce bureaus, trade agencies and criminal justice organizations are some of the law enforcement agencies that form the hub of the stateÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s disciplinary activities. Law enforcement organizations are like departments and need to be well managed. Poor management of these departments results in poor law enforcement and inefficiency. The world is changing every day and is creating more and more challenges. Law enforcement agencies need to cope with these challenges by remaining up to date with the managerial procedural innovations so that they do not lack on their efficiency. The study focuses on these innovations and how they help in improving the efficiency of the law enforcement organizations. The study will not just discuss about the challenges faced by the law enforcement agencies, but will also ponder over the structural features of these organizations and what causes the law enforcement agencies to fail. The managerial aspect of these agencies will be the main focus. 2. Research Question Are federal law enforcement agencies better than the national law enforcement agencies when it comes to efficiency and meeting the 21st century challenges? 3. Aim and Objectives 2.1Aim The aim of this study is to find out the three most important ways through which the law enforcement organizations can improve on their efficiency. 2.2Objectives 1) The first and foremost objective of this research is to find out the main role of the law enforcement organizations in dealing with the daily affairs of any country. 2) The second objective is to study the challenges faced by these law enforcement organizations in the 21st Century and how do these law enforcement organizations