Assertions and Audit evidence Essay Example for Free

Assertions and Audit evidence Essay 1. The allowance for doubtful accounts is fairly presented in amount. * Valuation or allocation assertion 2. All accounts payable owed as of the balance sheet date are included in the financial statements. * Existence or occurrence assertion 3. All purchase returns recorded in the general ledger are valid. * Existence or occurrence assertion 4. The allowance for doubtful accounts is fairly presented in amount. * Valuation or allocation assertion 5. All accounts payable owed as of the balance sheet date are included in the financial statements. * Completeness assertion 6. All purchase returns recorded in the general ledger are valid. * Existence or occurrence assertion 7. A retail client values its inventory using the retail method of accounting. * Valuation or allocation assertion 8. A construction client uses the percentage of completion method for recognizing revenues. * Existence or occurrence assertion 9. A client has a defined benefit pension plan and does not have competent employees to write footnote disclosures. * Presentation and disclosure assertion – classifications and understandability 10. Slow-moving items included in inventory have been properly identified and priced. * Valuation or allocation assertion 11. A client financed the acquisition of assets using preferred stock that pays a 3 percent dividend and must be redeemed from the shareholders next year. * Rights and obligations assertion 1. Bank statement sent directly to the auditor by the bank. (1) – Most reliable 2. Creditor monthly statement obtained from clients files. (2) – Reliable, but subject to possible forgery 3. Vouchers in clients unpaid voucher file. (4) Least reliable 4. Duplicate sales invoices in filled order file. (4) Least reliable 5. Time tickets filed in payroll department. (4) Least reliable 6. Credit memo in customers file. (4) Least reliable 7. Material requisitions filed in storeroom. (4) Least reliable 8. Bank statement in clients files. (2) Generally reliable 9. Management working papers in making accounting estimates. (4) Least reliable 10. Paid checks returned with bank statement in (1) above. (3) Somewhat reliable 11. Letter in customer file from collection agency on collectability of balance. (2) Generally reliable 12. Memo in customer file from treasurer authorizing the write-off of the account. (4) Least reliable

Marijuana Should NOT Be Legal in America Essay -- Legalization of Marij

All Americans have their ideas on legalizing marijuana, yet they need to make sure they have done substantial research using past experiences the American people have already experienced from using this drug; also they need to take a good look into what the actual outcomes are of smoking marijuana, before making a final decision on whether or not to legalize marijuana for medical purposes or any other reason. Americans will look at health and social issues as well as review money matters concerning legalizing marijuana and realize it is not right for the United States . First, Americans should know what marijuana actually is before they would even consider legalizing it. Marijuana, also known as pot, is a dried out weed that mixes the leaves, stems and even the flower of the cannabis, or the hemp plant and taken into the human body. It can be taken in by either smoking it or it taking it in with food. The main ingredient in marijuana is THC, which is short for delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (National Institute on Drug Abuse). THC is the most psychoactive compound found in marijuana (Taylor). â€Å"Marijuana is the most commonly abused illicit drug† (Wilbur, J). The ingredients in this plant is very dangerous and unhealthy for the human body. Now that Americans know what marijuana is, and some of the ingredients in it, they should consider the negative effect that marijuana has in the health of the human body and how it affects the social aspects of the American people. First, look at some health issues associated with marijuana. Smoking marijuana can lead to withdrawal from the drug, some of those withdrawals included increased sleepiness, and the â€Å"munchies† ( Taylor). After smoking marijuana the heart ... ...6 Oct. 2010 GroupName=Viewpoints&prodId=OVIC&action=e&windowstate=normal&catId=&document Id=GALE%7CEJ3010018224&mode=view&userGroupName=lincclin_lcc&jsid=177301e50 514b9b1a3e3a10b17219900>. Margolis, Robert, ed. "Legalizing Marijuana Would Harm Teens." Legalizing Drugs (2006). Linccweb. Web. 25 Oct. 2010 ailsPage/ViewpointsDetailsWindow?di>. "NIDA Info Facts: Marijuana." National Institute on Drug Abuse. 2009. Web. 15 Oct. 2010 . Taylor, Robert B. Taylor's Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges. [New York]: Springer Science+Business Media, 2005. 124-25. Print. Wilbur, J. "Pg 850." Family Practice Examination and Board Review. New York: McGraw-Hill Professional, 2005. Print .

Compare how love is presented in three poems in the Poetry Anthology Essay

Plena Timoris by Thomas Hardy, Refugee Mother and Child by Chinua Achebe and Piano by D. H. Lawrence are all poems that explore the theme of love, although they may seem very different at first glance. Plena Timoris tells of two young lovers’ relationship as it ends, while Refugee Mother and Child shows the strong bond between a mother and her child and Piano takes the poet down the road of remembrance into his childhood. As many readers would know, love can be a painful thing. However, the first stanza of Plena Timoris portrays a seemingly perfect and flawless love of a man and woman. The poet constructs the setting to be that of a typical love poem by using the images of â€Å"parapet-stone† and â€Å"the moon in its southing directly blent / its silver with their environment†, the moon being a symbol of romance and secret meetings with lovers in the 19th century, the time of the poem. The alliteration of the â€Å"l† sound in â€Å"lovers looked† and â€Å"laughed and leant† suggests that the lovers are harmonious and at one with each other and their surroundings as the â€Å"l† sound is one that is soft, smooth, flowing and not at all abrupt. The image of â€Å"his arm around her† shows the sense of security within their relationship, the regular rhyme scheme of ABBAB and the regular structure of four stanzas of five lines, adding to this security, comfort and predictability. This very positive portrayal of love convinces the reader to pursue love as love is shown as achievable perfection and therefore links love to perfection. Refugee Mother and Child illustrates a different type of love: the affections of a mother for her child. The poet alludes to the recognized image of the Madonna and Child to show the eternal love of a mother for her child and that this love is universal whether it is between the Madonna and Child or a refugee and her son. The poet also implies his thoughts on how the love of the refugee for her child is greater and more tender than the love of the Madonna as the refugee is in a very bleak situation. This greater love is shown by â€Å"no Madonna could touch that picture of a mother’s tenderness.† The purity and strength of the mother’s love is shown through the synaesthia â€Å"singing in her eyes†, symbolising the hope and pride of the mother despite the bleak circumstance. Positive phrases and nouns, such as â€Å"pride† and â€Å"flowers†, are scarce in the poem, causing them to stand out even more against the many negative phrases. This contrast makes the good seem better than it is, and the impact that these nouns have is made stronger and stronger as the poem goes on. Piano, on the poet’s close relationship with his mother is another positive portrayal of love between a mother and her child. However, it is shown in a different perspective in that it is from the perspective of the child. The sibilance in â€Å"smiles as she sings† helps to replicate the calm and relaxed atmosphere of â€Å"the cosy parlour† and the warm affections of the mother and child. This is added to by â€Å"the heart of me weeps to belong† as the heart is where deep feelings are said to originate and belong. It also emphasises that the mother is the emotional heart of the poet’s childhood, as she is of Piano. It is obvious that there is a strong bond between the poet and his mother, and this sense of security and predictability is heightened by the regular rhyme scheme of AABB, which is a reminder of the patterns of melody in music, and the constant structure of four lines in each stanza. To me though, the sense of security that the poet felt at home is surprising, given that his childhood was overshadowed by negativities, such as his father who was a heavy drinker. However, this serves only to further communicate the poet’s love for his mother, emphasising that his mother was the emotional heart of his childhood as she is of Piano. All three poems contain positive elements of love in their different portrayals. However, all three poems also bear with them, pain and sadness. Refugee Mother and Child conveys the negative of the situation it portrays in extreme. There is death and disease all around and â€Å"the air was heavy with odours / of diarrhoea†¦Ã¢â‚¬ , but in contrast to what I would have expected, death brought the mother and child closer together. The poet mentions how things would have been different â€Å"in another life†, and future conditionals in the past tense such as â€Å"would have been† and â€Å"would have to forget† serve to separate the mother from the alternative lifestyle that we in the wealthy portion of the world take for granted. As a result of the separation, the act of â€Å"part[ing] it (the child’s hair† becomes greatly significant as it would be a â€Å"daily act of no consequence† in the alternative life, but instead, it was as though she was â€Å"putting flowers on a tiny grave†. This image that the poem builds up to is a final representation of death as it is often seen at funerals, showing that the mother is preparing her child for his death as she parts her child’s hair, making it perfect as she would do had he been dead. In this, death brings them together as the mother wants more time with her son, and treasures the physical contact with him as she parts his hair â€Å"carefully†. In contrast, death tears apart the lovers in Plena Timoris, as the girl in the poem seemingly becomes the drowned woman when she hears of the tragedy. The negative undertone of the poem shows through in the title itself which is Latin for â€Å"a woman full of fear and dread†, describing at first the woman who â€Å"drowned herself for the love of a man† and then describing the girl in the poem as â€Å"her arm dropt from his†. This contrasts the image of â€Å"his arm around her† at the beginning of the poem, and this represents the loss of emotional closeness between the lovers. â€Å"They said; climbed over; slid down; let go† has many unnatural pauses, and is deliberately confusing to the reader, mirroring the lovers’ confusion. The sudden end to their closeness is shown in â€Å"until he grew tired. But she†¦Ã¢â‚¬  as it is the only line with a full stop in the middle, which represents the end of their relationship. The cynicism the poem has towards love is also shown through the men who retrieve the woman’s body who say â€Å"so much for love in this mortal sphere!† The use of the phrase â€Å"mortal sphere† suggests that the poet thinks the only true love you can have faith in is religious love and piety, and that relationships are essentially â€Å"mortal† and doomed. Having seen love as perfection at the beginning, the negativities that start in stanza two bring a dreadful low to the reader. I, myself, felt disappointment and â€Å"hopeless despair† and was persuaded that love is, in essence, condemned – that true love like what was shown at the beginning of the poem, can never be found and will never last. Piano, although it doesn’t refer to death, is also a poem that is tinted with melancholy. The tone of the poem is nostalgic and wistful and emphasis on this longing is furthered by phrases such as â€Å"I weep like a child for the past†, showing that it is impossible to go back. The poem is written in present tense, and this further distances the poet from the past that he cannot revisit. The poet writes that the â€Å"song / betrays me (the poet) back† and the alliteration on the harsh â€Å"b† sound adds to the effect of the word â€Å"betrays†, which has negative connotations such as distrust. The choice of the word â€Å"betrays† suggests that it was not by his own will that he is revisiting his memories and the immense love he has for his mother, and this leads me to think that it was not socially acceptable to break down and be as emotional as in Piano, and research into the Victorian era when the poem was written shows this to be true. With the pressures that are on men still, to be emotionally strong, the pressures back then must have been even greater in comparison, and for Lawrence to write Piano as his â€Å"manhood is cast† and reveal his overwhelming emotions even so shows the effect his mother must have had on him. The three poems all deal with the universal themes of love and suffering – Plena Timoris on the loss of love between the two young lovers, and Piano on the remembrance of a love in the past. However, as a reader, Refugee Mother and Child is the one that has the most impact on me because of the familiar hyper-realistic photojournalistic images, that the media frequently show, that appear throughout the poem. This draws out sympathy, guilt and grievance from the reader as many of us in the wealthy portion of the world do not do a significant amount to help, and because we are privileged which makes it hard for us to imagine the circumstance, the resilient love of the mother for her dying son is even more moving, dealing with the themes of love and suffering most powerfully out of the three poems. Of course, Plena Timoris and Piano are also effective in portraying love, but in different guises from that in Refugee Mother and Child. However, the poems have a point in common in that all three poems also movingly illustrate the pain and suffering that is felt through the painful loss of love, which we all hope will never happen but as shown by the poems, inevitably does. This in itself unites the poems, showing the love depicted in each as the same, underneath the surface, and universal.

Brazilian Independence

Brazilian Independence A critical review of â€Å"The Cambridge History of Latin America (From Idependence to c. 1870), By Leslie Bethell In this paper I will explain and highlight main arguments of Brazilian independence according to Leslie Bethell. The Brazilian independence was certainly not as violent as in the other Latin American countries and the independence was a final product of many events and influences.I will go through the economic situation Brazil was facing in terms of export and imports, followed by the installment of Portuguese Dom Joao in Rio de Janeiro, because of the Napoleon wars going on in Europe at the time and finally concluding on what finally gave Brazil independence in 1822. Economically, Brazil was major compared to its colonizer, Portugal. Brazil had the population the area and the natural resources to become a success, which they definitely was, but with a Portuguese exploitation of exports and population.Portugal was highly dependent on Brazilian exp orts and had a hard time providing Brazil with manufactured goods, an element Britain had a major role in. Brazil exported and still exports massive amounts of sugar to Portugal and later on, coffee and cotton became an important export, not to forget gold from Minas Gerais. It was basically hard for Portugal to justify the occupation of this new land of opportunities. The creation of a national identity that would help Brazilians to gain independence was definitely an important factor to the process.Some claim that the victory over the Dutch in 1654 was a major input and inspiration for the Brazilians. The Brazilian education and information system was although not on Brazilian territory and the minority of people that could afford it went to Europe for university. The economic, political and intellectual situation, led to massive criticisms due to the mercantile systems, its restrictions on trade, the heavy duty taxation on Brazil and also the high prices on manufactured goods wer e up for a beating.The reason why Portugal was able to hold on to Brazil was not because of military power and high oppressiveness as seen in other Latin American countries under Spanish rule, but because of the Portuguese crown Dom Joao and Portugals supply of stability in Brazil. The dissatisfaction should although not be exaggerated – the locals where in comparison much more involved with the formation and implementation of legislation just to mention one and Portuguese settlement had happened gradual, so prominent landowners were most likely first generation Brazilians, giving less incentives for rebellion and riots.All in all, Brazilians were better off than the other colonized countries in Latin America. Napoleon wars and moving Dom Joao With the Napoleon wars going on in Europe and many countries giving up their colonies, Brazil was kept in Portuguese hands. The Portuguese leader Dom Rodrigo de Sousa Coutinho, saw early on that Brazilian independence was just a matter of time. Therefore he suggested that regent Dom Joao should give up his residence in Portugal and move the apparatus to Brazil as a final option instead of being taken over by Napoleon.On August 12th 1807 Napoleon issued an ultimatum to the Portuguese foreign minister, he could either; close the ports to British ships, imprison all English residents and confiscate their property or face a French invasion. Britain backed the idea of leaving Portugal up and offered protection. For a while, Dom Joao tried to adopt anti-British policies, but already in November he learned that Generel Junot was marching on to Portugal with 23. 000 men. After the French troops entering Portugal Dom Joao made the decision of leaving Portugal.In late November the regent and an apparatus of 10-15. 000 people left for Brazil accompanied with British ships. The moving of the regent to Rio de Janeiro was a huge step for Brazil and their way to independence and the relationship between Portugal and Brazil was b etter than ever. The establishment of government in Rio de Janeiro ended the monopoly for Lisbon as an actor on exports and imports. Portugal no longer controlled Brazilian products and trade and Britain was the only country allowed to trade with Brazil until the ending of the Napoleon wars.The effects of having the regent in Rio de Janeiro, were great for Brazil. In 1808 the first printing press was published in Rio de Janeiro, furthermore books were released, libraries opened and probably most important; schools were opened which definitely contributed to the political awareness and intelligence. As a sum up on the movement, Brazil was now governed from Rio de Janeiro instead of Lisbon, and the relationship with Portugal was never really re-established. Later, after the liberation of Portugal, Dom Joao was expected back in Lisbon and British ships were sent to accompany they journey.Although Dom Joao had other plans and decided to stay and later on raising the Brazil to the status of Kingdom – thereby being equal to Portugal legally. In response to the decreasing colonial power a liberal-nationalsts opposition raised in Oporto and the Junta Provosoria was proposing a new constitution where the Cortes was to be elected for the Portuguese world. It became clear that the Portuguese intentions with Brazil were only to recapture Brazil and make it serve Portuguese interests. In general all the Portuguese attempts to lower the new status of Brazil and it’s political and economical opportunities were not successful.Trying to re-impose the heavy taxation and tariffs on Brazil only gave the Brazilians and even bigger incentive to gain independence. Independence Dom Pedro (son of Dom Joao) was the one to lead the process of cutting all cooperation with Portugal since the elites of Brazil came to the conclusion that it was not an option to keep doing so. This resulted in a combined elite front of Brazilian politicians, no matter political ideologies, to b attle the Cortes and they all swore allegiance to Dom Pedro.Brazilian politicians gained more and more confidence and in 1822 Dom Pedro received the last dispatches from Portugal revoking his decrees, charging his ministers with treason and demanding him back to Lisbon, he declared; â€Å"I proclaim Brazil forevermore separated from Portugal†. It although took some time to expel the last Portuguese men from Brazil. The Portuguese army ended up in Salvador, Bahia after being expelled from Rio de Janeiro. The Brazilian army was huge in terms of numbers but were not strong enough to overtake the Portuguese that consisted of 2. 00 regular troops and a 1. 500 men militia. The Portuguese had a major naval squadron stationed in Bahia, and therefore being in total control over the sea. Therefore Dom Pedro asked for the assistance of Lord Cochrane, a super successful frigate captain who had already played a major role in the independence of Chile in 1818. In 1823 Cochrane gathered a 9 ship Brazilian naval squadron for the blockade of Bahia and it was probably more reputation than actual force that made the Portuguese evacuate Bahia on June 2nd. The last Portuguese troops leftBrazil in March 1824 and Cochrane afterwards went to Rio de Janeiro to receive the title of Marques de Maranhao. Conclusion: The Brazilian independence was as mentioned earlier a pallet of many events and actors influencing the Brazilian population as well as the Portuguese. Brazilian demography and population size was important, not to mention the British, who played a large role all the way as an external actor. The moving of the regent to Rio de Janeiro and the Cortes helpless attempt to regain the former status of Brazil was definitely another factor influencing.Portugal as a nation was a declining European economy with trade deficits without Brazil. Also Brazil was not ruled by Portugal in the military way, and Portugal was only supplying the social stability in terms of a legal system. Therefore it makes no sense in itself for why Brazil should be ruled by a minor state compared to them selves. In my opinion the movement of the regent was one of the major events leading a much more joint operation and giving the Brazilians the local identity that led them to finally gaining independence in 1822.

How to Write an Art Critique Essay

How to Write an Art Critique Essay Writing an Art Critique Essay What is an art critique essay? How to start an art analysis Tips on how to start How to write an outline How to write a thesis for an art critique essay How to write an introduction Tips on how to write an introduction and thesis How to write body paragraphs Tips on body writing How to finish an art critique essay Tips on conclusion writing Tips on revision Art critique essay sample (Dance of Life) While in college students are expected to be professionally equipped with the necessary writing skills in order to be proficient in essay writing. Unlike high school, paper writing is a mandatory task in college. One cannot opt not to write since it is part of their academic progress and it reflects greatly on their performance. When writing an essay, every student is expected to know what type of paper they are writing and what is required for that essay. Though every paper has almost the same structure, it is essential to know and understand that they are written for different purposes. What is an art critique essay? Many students find writing rather challenging due to the difficulty of comprehending what the paper requires. Before you start writing any essay, it is important that you first know the kind of essay you are writing. An art critique essay is a paper comprising detailed analysis and evaluation of an artwork. Additionally, it is through the analysis that you comprehend the goal of the artist. When one is asked to analyze an artwork, the observations he would come up with will be different from that of another person. Writing an art critique essay might be rather problematic to some students but since its features are similar to that of any other paper, one can easily be able to handle writing one. The features of an art analysiss structure include: An introduction. This is where you give basic information about the artist, the art and the features of the artwork such as title, materials used and location. A thesis. This is where you come up with an argument about the piece of art. This will help reflect your vision on the piece of art. A body. This is where you fully describe the intent of the artist. You can also explain the artwork from your first impression and reaction. A conclusion. This is where you provide your evaluation of the piece of art. Through your analysis and interpretation, coming up with a final judgment is quite easy. How to start an art critique essay To start writing an art analysis, you need to understand its main features. Additionally, this will help you establish a clear and precise outline which simplifies the writing process. Below are some tips to consider before starting writing an art critique essay. Tips on how to start Identify the theme being communicated in the art. This is the first step when writing an art critique essay. It helps you have an idea of what the piece of art is about. Create an outline. This will help you recognize the artist and the features of his work; the materials used and the location. Develop a thesis statement. This is essential as it will help you have a guiding idea reflecting on your paper from your impression and reaction of the art. How to write an outline Writing the outline of an art critique essay is quite simple if you have an idea on how to start writing it. Establishing an outline enables you to easily write your essay and provide its smooth and easy flow. Creating an outline for an art critique essay is as simple as that of any other essay. It entails an introduction, a thesis statement, a body, and a conclusion. How to write a thesis for an art critique essay A thesis statement is essential in writing an art critique essay. The vitality of developing one is that it not only helps build up your essay but also guide you through writing the entire paper. Moreover, through the thesis statement, your audience will find it easy to read your whole paper. How to write an introduction The introduction of any essay is what shows the beginning of your paper. To write the introduction of an art critique essay, you should start with a strong hook which catches the eye of your audience. This will keep them enthused and interested in reading your writing. Tips on how to write an introduction and thesis The introduction of an art analysis shows your audience the beginning of your article whereas the thesis guides them through the entire essay. Below are some tips to consider when writing the introduction and thesis of an art critique essay: Start with a strong hook. This way, your reader(s) will focus on your paper and want to read more of it. Have a clear and specific introduction. This will help your audience understand what your paper is about. Develop a strong thesis statement. This will help you have a guiding notion which will reflect your vision of the artwork. How to write body paragraphs With the help of a thesis statement, you are able to come up with concrete body paragraphs detailing the analysis from the observation you have made. To write good body paragraphs you need to have a full description of the piece of art. Additionally, it is the body paragraphs where you embrace the analysis and interpretation of your work. Tips on body writing Below are some tips to ponder on when writing the body of an art analysis: Begin each paragraph with clear and precise sentences. This makes your article more appealing to your audience and easier to read. Denote your first impressions. This will help you explain the reaction you got from viewing the art piece. Study the features used by the artist. This will help you have the correct choice of words to use when writing. Identify the focus of the work. Identify what captures your most. This will help you discover the artist’s point of emphasis and the purpose of the art piece. Interpret the work. Having identified the purpose of the art piece, interpreting becomes easy. However, you ought to back up your interpretation with evidence from your description and analysis. This will help your audience comprehend your paper easily. How to finish an art critique essay When concluding an art analysis, always remember that you are providing your audience with the final judgment or evaluation of your work. To write the conclusion of an art critique essay, provide a summary of all the information you have gathered from the description, analysis, and interpretation of your art piece. Tips on conclusion writing Below are some tips to put into consideration when writing the conclusion of an art critique essay: Describe whether the art is successful or not. Use your first impression to do it. Explain how you have come up with your evaluation. This will enable your reader(s) understand how you make the judgment. Provide a summary of why you think the art is a success or not. Based on the analysis, interpretation and evidence explain to your audience why you have come up with that evaluation. Tips on revision Going through your paper once, cheking everything is indeed important. The significance of revising your paper lies in ensuring that you provide quality work to your reader(s). It helps you correct your paper and make it exceptional. The following tips are essential when revising your paper: Ensure that the details you have provided are based on the piece of art. Certify that the interpretation you have given has supporting evidence. Warrant that your essay has a smooth and easy flow and that your information is not contradictory. Art critique essay sample The Dance of Life The ‘Dance of Life’ art was painted in 1899-1900 by Edvard Munch. In his painting, Munch presents women dressed differently and seemingly dancing with different men. In the background, there is a sea. The women in the portrait seem to be in different stages of their lives with the one in black seemingly the oldest and thus the most experienced in life. These women, according to Munch, were drawn to symbolize portraits of his lover Tulla Larsen. The image is quite suggestive and seems to hold a hidden message. The different dressing used by the women in the picture symbolized different stages of their lives. The woman dressed in white represents the virgin, the one in red represented the carnal woman and the aged woman in black represents the satanic woman. Additionally, the sea in the background reveals something that is beyond reach. This could mean or represent the uncertainty that engulfs mankind as they live their lives. In addition, this clearly exemplifies the unknown; that which mankind does not know or comprehend about life or that which mankind does not know exists beyond life after death. This indicates that one did not know how far their lives were to go before their deaths. The portrait clearly shows or symbolizes the playing out of earthly life and the varying stages of the same. In the background, a lone woman stands in front of a symbol representing the reflection of the setting sun while multiple men hang around another woman in white. This represents or shows the stage in life where one is on the search for a partner but finds it hard to get one. Looking at the right middle ground, a male figure looks like his using force or trying to forcefully dance with the woman in white who appears to be leaning back. Most people who have analyzed this image seem to believe that the male figure embodies the caricature of the playwright Gunnar Heiberg. The male figure and the female figure in red in the foreground represent Munch and Larsen. They appear to be physically contiguous and symbolically entangled through the shapes of the lower part of their bodies. However, their faces seem to indicate their separation from each other. This clearly shows how separated they are from the moment. In conclusion, the art seems to be a good piece which clearly symbolizes the different stages of life.

Cycles and patterns in the biosphere Research Paper

Cycles and patterns in the biosphere - Research Paper Example The biosphere provides a room where a cycle of biological process like decomposition, nitrogen fixing, photosynthesis of plants and respiration takes place. The ingredients also cycle in a way that they the biosphere allows the living things to take and also return them to the other spheres in a pragmatic way ( Smil &Vaclav 23-58). There are several factors that determine the biosphere which include; water, shelter, light and nutrients. Climatic conditions that vary from different places on the earth also influence the biosphere in a big way. These factors influence the cycles that take place upon the earth like the oxygen cycle, nitrogen cycle, geochemical cycles, biochemical cycle and the photosynthesis process. These processes ensure there is life on earth, for instance, when plants release the oxygen and the animals breathe in oxygen and release back the carbon dioxide that is used for photosynthesis. As a result of the biosphere cycles and process, the earth has not been altered and therefore provide a friendly environment for all living things ( Jorgensen, Sven and Brian 3-20). Oxygen Cycle Its the biochemical process that shows the movement of oxygen from the atmosphere, lithosphere and hydrosphere which is done through the process of photosynthesis ( Alcamo & I E 234-260). As the hydrologic cycle enables movement of water from the sky down to the earth, oxygen also is cycled in a certain pattern in the environment. In the process of photosynthesis, plants use the sunlight energy to convert carbon dioxide, then water into carbohydrates and oxygen. Plants play integral key role in the oxygen cycle because they breathe in carbon dioxide and breathe out oxygen; photosynthesis includes plants that grow in the land areas as well as the water and oceans. There is also a small percentage of oxygen that is produced from photolysis when energy through radiation breaks down the water in the atmosphere and nitrogen oxide into atomic elements, including more compone nts hence leaving some oxygen in the air. Animals breathe in the oxygen produced from the plants in the process of photosynthesis and breath out carbon dioxide through the process of respiration. The carbon dioxide breathed out by animals is therefore released into the atmosphere hence forming the continuous cycle of oxygen. In the process, plants during the day, they use the oxygen to break down the carbohydrates; same as the animals break down the carbohydrates during respiration. For the rate of metabolism to be maintained, plants do absorb oxygen from the air and give carbon dioxide to the air like the animals do. Plants produce a lot of oxygen during the day as compared to the night because of availability of sunlight, although in times whereby plants consume a lot of oxygen during the night, can lead to low oxygen levels in marine areas. Carbon dioxide is also released into the atmosphere when organism decay and bacteria consume oxygen through decay mechanism and process. The cycling process of oxygen also takes a place between the biosphere and lithosphere when the marine biosphere creates calcium carbonate element that contains oxygen. As ( Harman& Rebecca 50-100) points out, the biosphere extracts nutrients from the rock elements which enables a release of oxygen into the atmosphere and that the ozone layer has been created in the stratosphere due to the oxygen that is

Analysis of Organs for Sale Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Analysis of Organs for Sale - Essay Example ntries continue to writhe in harsh living conditions, sometimes even lacking food and shelter, rich people suffering from end-stage renal have more than enough money but lack proper mechanisms to acquire kidneys to save their lives. This is to say that rich people in urgent need of kidneys and have the resources to acquire them, but lack legal means to acquire kidneys speedily since they have to wait their turn in the long donor list (Mackay 2). On the other hand, poor people living in third world countries are largely willing to sell their organs such as kidneys for meager amounts if only to save them from starvation and bankruptcy. MacKay’s primary purpose is to articulate how a legal and regulated organ selling environment will allow both donors and recipients to benefit from organ sale, which is presently conducted illegally and without guarantees to both recipient and donor (Mackay 7). MacKay argues that a legal and regulated organ selling milieu will allow donors, whether in first or third world countries to gain financially from their courageous acts of parting with an organ of their bodies. At present, the organ selling business is tilted in favor of the recipients, doctors who perform the operations and agents who arrange for the operation, placing the donors at a disadvantageous position since they receive amounts as low as $1,000 for selling a vital part of their bodies. With regard to the quality of MacKay’s argument, it is evident that she is quite passionate regarding the topic of organ sale. MacKay effectively articulates her stance, using emotion to exemplify her key points and stances. The argument aims at instigating emotional responses such as compassion, empathy and sympathy towards both organ donors and recipients who suffer immensely in the current organ sale environment. The argument draws on the morality of allowing both kidney donors and recipients to benefit from a legal and fully regulated atmosphere in which they can purchase and